This is the second part of an account of recent events in Second Life written by Peter Ludlow, a long-time observer of virtual worlds, a professor in the Philosophy Department at Northwestern University, and the co-author, with Mark Wallace, of The Second Life Herald: The Virtual Tabloid Which Witnessed the Dawn of the Metaverse, published by the MIT Press. As with any other representation of complicated and controversial events, different people will have different perspectives on what happened and different assessments of the motives and actions of the people involved. The essay is presented here in the hopes of sparking discussions about the blurring of politics and fantasy in virtual worlds, a topic to which we will return in the next installment.
Watching the Watchers
by Peter Ludlow
In 2008, a member of the Justice League quit and gave an interview to the Herald, detailing the operations of the Justice League, claiming that they were keeping massive intel on Second Life users, were abuse reporting people capriciously, sometimes successfully getting them banned without cause, and that members of Linden Lab were complicit in these operations. These charges were dismissed by the League. Tizzers Foxchase and the Woodbury kids needed the smoking gun if their charges were going to stick, and so they began to plot an infiltration operation.
Infiltrating the Justice League would not be easy. Clearly any friend links to Woodbury would raise red flags. Nor would it work to just create a new avatar and ask if it could join Woodbury. New avatars are dangerous for obvious reasons. What one needed was a clean avatar with a reasonable age on it. Kalel certainly knew that it would be a nightmare if details of his operations ever made it into the wrong hands. So whoever took ran the avatar would have to be special – someone who had a reasonable rez date on their avatar, no friendship links to Woodbury, and who could disarm the seemingly paranoid Kalel and pass as an anti-griefing do-gooder. In 2009, the Woodbury kids found just such a player.
Haruhi Thespian was an avatar without an agenda, and a certain kind of élan. As it turns out, she was a thespian in real life and an award winning improv actor. Perhaps she had just the right stuff to infiltrate the Justice League. One day she was chatting with the Woodbury kids and they asked if she would be willing to undertake the operation. Harui decided that it sounded like fun and Operation Wrong Hands was born.
Kalel shows Haruhi the JLU “command center”
Haruhi was quickly admitted into the Justice League, but there were lingering suspicions. One day it seemed to Harui that her cover had been blown:
13:57] Kalel Venkman: I have to admit I’m having trouble figuring you out.
[13:57] Kalel Venkman: You just seem like the perfect applicant, and that’s just uncommon.
[13:58] Haruhi Thespian: hehe, is that a compliment?
[13:58] Kalel Venkman: Every now and then we get a really good one that hits all the marks.
[13:59] Kalel Venkman: Anyway, it’s just so rare, it takes me by surprise when it happens.
[13:59] Haruhi Thespian: I dont know what to say hehe
[13:59] Haruhi Thespian: >.<
[14:00] Haruhi Thespian: I’m so good its Criminal? (quote from the anime Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya)
[14:01] Kalel Venkman: Sort of.
[14:01] Kalel Venkman: We’ve got a pile of people from Woodbury trying to sneak their way into the JLU, and on the whole they’re not very clever.
[14:01] Kalel Venkman: If somebody did get in, it would have to be somebody who looked like as good an applicant as you do.
[14:02] Haruhi Thespian: it seems I’ve applied at a bad time >.<
[14:02] Haruhi Thespian: thats unfortunate
[14:02] Kalel Venkman: And at the same time, we’ve just gone through an episode with JB Hancroft.
[14:03] Kalel Venkman: Now he was a problem, because nobody trusted him, and everybody was afraid to say so.
[14:03] Kalel Venkman: And I had nagging doubts too, but I suppressed them, thinking it was just me.
[14:03] Haruhi Thespian: Its understandable I guess
[14:03] Kalel Venkman: Always listen to your gut feelings, Haruhi. They’ll never steer you wrong.
[14:04] Haruhi Thespian: I’ll take that advice to heart
While in chat with Kalel, Haruhi was also in skype with Tizzers Foxchase and other Woodbury students. Haruhi told them she thought her cover was blown. Tizzers suggested that Haruhi talk to Kalel about boy troubles. The misdirection worked.
[14:04] Haruhi Thespian: So… this is kinda awkward? hehe, I’m sorry
[14:06] Haruhi Thespian: Hey Kalel, can I ask you for some advice?
[14:06] Haruhi Thespian: its about RL boy troubles
[14:07] Kalel Venkman: Sure.
Days later, Haruhi downloaded the JLU wiki and posted it to the Woodbury IRC channel, and from there it was reposted to numerous locations on the Internet. Within days it had been reproduced all over the internet.
Haruhi gets access to the JLU database
In an interview given to the Herald after the fact, Haruhi described Kalel as a kind and loving man who thought he was doing good. How Haruhi was able to maintain the disconnect is far from clear. In comments to the interview a disgusted reader summed up his feelings about the act of betrayal: “this makes for really unappetizing reading. Ick.”. Another reader offered that this is simply the price one has to pay for being a spy:
It’s the nature of spying that those who find themselves in that role have to go to unpleasant places and do things that in normal circumstances they would balk at. … Personally I take my hat off to Haruhi for being willing to carry out this role and to then show a sense of morality and decency in her subsequent actions.
Haruhi informs the JLU of her actions
Whatever the moral standing of Haruhi’s actions, one thing is clear: Haruhi had opened a Pandora’s Box.
The Justice League did not merely have a data base on Second Life users. It had a massive data base on Second Life users. It contained 1,700 pages of information and misinformation on users, ranging from chat logs, to presumed real life identities of avatars (including real life information), to a history of the abuse reports that they had filed — and many many abuse reports had been filed.
Predictably, the content of the Justice League data base was posted on various web sites. Kalel, understandably furious, responded in a scattershot fashion by filing Digital Millennium Copyright Act take-down notices, bizarrely arguing that the chat logs etc were his intellectual property. When some Internet service providers complied, the materials were moved to safer havens in Canada and ultimately Montenegro. Woodbury sympathizers organized the material into a searchable database.
Meanwhile Herald editor Pixeleen Mistral began combing through the database and found example after example of disturbing revelations. Not only was she surprised to learn that she had been declared a griefer, but the claims of Linden complicity appeared to be supported. One particularly telling Wiki entry seemed to suggest that Linden employee Plexus Linden was revealing the real life identity of avatars.
Pixeleen published a series of stories to the Herald, including passages like the above. Then the other shoe dropped. Kalel filed a DMCA take-down notice against the Herald! Six Apart, which owns the Typepad blog hosting service used by the Herald, removed the material, apparently without giving any thought at all as to whether the charges were frivolous. Pixeleen would have to counterfile.
This was going to be no simple matter. Counterfiling would require Pixeleen to reveal her real life information, and she had guarded her privacy for years. Understandably so. Crossing people in Second Life can lead to real life stalking. As previous Herald editor Peter Ludlow had learned, angering someone with an article could lead to real life confrontations that ranged from angry phone calls from the United Arab Emirates to orchestrated campaigns by users to call his university and try to get him fired (not unlike what had happened to a Woodbury University instructor).
Pixeleen Mistral was a petite 20 something female avatar with a sharp fashion sense and a bit ditzy on technical matters. Her typist, turned out to be Duke University computer scientist Mark McCahill, who in addition to being male, 6’5” tall, and having no apparent fashion sense at all, had been team leader in the development of the Gopher search program, team leader in the development of POPmail, and had worked with Tim Berners-Lee on the protocols for the World Wide Web. He was one of the gods of the Internet. He was also going to have to out himself.
Tizzers’ alt and Pixeleen Chat (Intlibber Brautigan stands behind Tizzers)
Legally, if you file a DMCA counter notice, the service provider is required by law to restore the missing material in 14 working days. Several weeks after filing the counter claim McCahill contacted Typepad and asked them why they hadn’t restored the material. They responded that they had lost it and couldn’t restore it. McCahill of course had backed up the material, but disgusted, he moved the Herald from Typepad to another service.
As of today, this is where matters stand. Second Lifers continue to pour over the leaked materials, Kalel continues to file bogus DMCA actions, and feeble service providers like Typepad continue to enforce them.
It’s a sad state of affairs on many levels, not least because of what it says about our future in both the real and virtual worlds. How does this keep happening to us? Even in play are we condemned to be “defended” by institutions that overreact to evil and effectively become a greater danger than what they are trying to defend us from?
One cannot help but think of George W. Bush when reading Haruhi’s account of Kalel Venkman. A good hearted guy who “trusted his gut”, and decided he needed to protect us from some distant and obscure and poorly defined axis of evil, constructed out of a kind of guilt by association. A guy who would turn the place he cares about and wants to protect into a massive surveillance state. A guy who would recklessly apply laws in ways for which they were not intended, and a guy who just did not no how to back off or change his mind when it was clear that the only sane thing to do was to stop digging. And must it always be the case that the institutions that we rely on for communication and other infrastructure needs will roll over at the drop of a hat, forever opting to side with the censor whatever the legal position of the censor?
And then too one has to wonder how much more dangerous our world is because of people like Kalel and George W. Bush. Tizzers once confided to Pixeleen that the only way he kept the Woodbury crew together and engaged was by giving them an enemy to fight against: Kalel. Is it not at least equally plausible that what enemies we have are held together and galvanized by enemies like George W. Bush? – people with no sense of proportion and who fight blindly, not caring about the effectiveness of their methods or the innocents that are harmed along the way.
In the end, this isn’t a story about the virtual world imitating the real world, nor is it a story about how the real world imitates the virtual world. The problem is that neither the real world nor the virtual worlds are prior. They both seem to bubble up from some deep dark corner of the human mind. These events aren’t really about games or virtual spaces. The events are really about us and who we are.
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Henry, Thank you for the very interesting article.
While I agree with you about George W. Bush, I am going to open the can of worms and apply it to the other side.
The left is even more notorious for seeing a problem and trying to correct it, only to make it worse.
For example, restrictions on free speech such as ‘Campaign Finance Reform’ and McCain Feingold, while well intentioned, have only taken away freedoms and helped increase the chances of incumbents retaining their seats in Congress.
Thanks for continuing this storyline, it’s important that this sort of activity see the light of day. As you analogize Kalel to George Bush, I have to say I’ve made the same parallel in the past.
While I’m commonly seen by Kalel and his allies as a great enabler of Woodbury, the fact is that he and I were at one time allies and friends. I was a virtual land mogul protecting my estates from these troublemaking griefers, and, having grown up as a Young Republican, I bought into the law and order, war on terrorism narrative of dealing with the world.
That all changed when I figured out that Kalel, and his partner in crime fighting, Angel Fluffy, used their spy alts inside the PN to direct the PN in organized griefer raids on Second Life. They used their spy accounts to organize and direct these people who would otherwise be rather badly organized, poorly directed individuals who are nothing more than a bunch of learning disabled socially maladapted teenagers and young adults. The PN didn’t become a real force until Kalel and Angel made them into a force worth fighting against.
It was by making them into a real threat that they were able to build influence on the grid for the JLU as a crime fighting force, among estate owners like myself, with the Mentors and Linden Lab’s own governance team.
I was a business man. I wasn’t in SL to role play, but to make money (alright, role playing a virtual Donald Trump was also fun). I certainly wasn’t there to fight a perpetual war on e-terrorism. A war that is costly. So I started looking at it differently, especially after I figured out what Kalel and Angel were up to manipulating the PN. I changed how my company dealt with griefers, as juvenile delinquents, not terrorists.
So, we offered economic opportunities to them, building, texturing, scripting. We helped them get unbanned from SL if they promised to spy on the PN for us. They patrolled our sims. Thusly, along with some psyops, we drained the manpower of the PN. We then outed Kalel and Angel’s spy alts in the group, which were some of the oldest members. The PN formally apologized to me for being tricked into attacking my sims.
Kalel needs the PN just as George Bush needed bin Laden, and moreover, our big, bloated, fasco-socialist government security apparatus needs foreign terrorists to justify their encroachments on our Constitutional liberties.
I’m under no illusions that there aren’t plenty of individuals out there with pathological hate of America, of our freedoms, or of how our government’s encroachments overseas, in other people’s countries, offends the people of those countries, as much as I’d be offended if they did that here in the US. Similarly, I’m under no illusions that there aren’t some seriously messed up individuals who can only have fun by hacking and crashing the simultors of others, but there are a lot fewer such people than Kalel claims there is, and many fewer today than a few years ago when Kalels War on e-Terror was making for a really fun first person shooter for a lot of bored 4channers.
Professor Jenkins, I think you’re ignoring one very significant aspect of the controversies you’re documenting, which is that the Herald is not an impartial observer of events in SL. It was created by Peter Ludlow as part of his ongoing roleplay as a yellow journalist in virtual worlds. By consistently publishing inflammatory stories about WU/JLU/Prok etc., Ludlow has partly CREATED the incidents he is reporting.
I therefore seriously question your using his material as a basis for generalizations about human behavior in virtual societies. What Ludlow has put together is a group of enemies in a test tube over a Bunsen burner; it’s an interesting microcosm of behavior in extreme circumstances, but NOT a valid model for human society.
SL is full of microcultures that do not suffer from the ceaseless prodding of inflammatory gadflies like Peter Ludlow; your musings would be more valid were you to observe any of them.
I’m under no illusions that there aren’t some seriously messed up individuals who can only have fun by hacking and crashing the simultors of others, but there are a lot fewer such people. cisa examination
Clearly any friend links to Woodbury would raise red flags. Nor would it work to just create a new avatar and ask if it could join Woodbury. New avatars are dangerous for obvious reasons. What one needed was a clean avatar with a reasonable age on it. Kalel certainly knew that it would be a nightmare if details of his operations ever made it into the wrong hands.
They patrolled our sims. Thusly, along with some psyops, we drained the manpower of the PN. We then outed Kalel and Angel’s spy alts in the group, which were some of the oldest members. The PN formally apologized to me for being tricked into attacking my sims.
I was a business man. I wasn’t in SL to role play, but to make money (alright, role playing a virtual Donald Trump was also fun). I certainly wasn’t there to fight a perpetual war on e-terrorism. A war that is costly. So I started looking at it differently, especially after I figured out what Kalel and Angel were up to manipulating the PN. Online Sportsbook
I was a business man. I wasn’t in SL to role play, but to make money (alright, role playing a virtual Donald Trump was also fun). I certainly wasn’t there to fight a perpetual war on e-terrorism. A war that is costly. So I started looking at it differently, especially after I figured out what Kalel and Angel were up to manipulating the PN. Online Sportsbook
They used their spy accounts to organize and direct these people who would otherwise be rather badly organized, poorly directed individuals who are nothing more than a bunch of learning disabled socially maladapted teenagers and young adults.
We helped them get unbanned from SL if they promised to spy on the PN for us. They patrolled our sims. Thusly, along with some psyops, we drained the manpower of the PN.
It was created by Peter Ludlow as part of his ongoing roleplay as a yellow journalist in virtual worlds. By consistently publishing inflammatory stories about WU/JLU/Prok etc.
I bought into the law and order, war on terrorism narrative of dealing with the world.
That all changed when I figured out that Kalel, and his partner in crime fighting, Angel Fluffy, used their spy alts inside the PN to direct the PN in organized griefer raids on Second Life.
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As you analogize Kalel to George Bush, I have to say I’ve made the same parallel in the past.
While I’m commonly seen by Kalel and his allies as a great enabler of Woodbury, the fact is that he and I were at one time allies and friends. I was a virtual land mogul protecting my estates from these troublemaking griefers, and, having grown up as a Young Republican, I bought into the law and order, war on terrorism narrative of dealing with the world. pro trade copycat||Lottery Calculator
Maybe she had simply the suitable stuff to infiltrate the Justice League. Someday she was chatting with the Woodbury youngsters they usually asked if she could be prepared to undertake the operation.http://www.judithbassler.com/
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I think the Second Life game can be a good resource of inspiration for others. I know few people which are selling virtual objects for the real money. It seems to be a good model if you need to see how to live in the other peoples skin.
This is a great article. I work for a raid recovery company and I really look forward to learning more from your valuable experience. What a great article.
I were at one time allies and friends. I was a virtual land mogul protecting my estates from these troublemaking griefers, and, having grown up as a Young Republican, I bought into the law and order
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So whoever took ran the avatar would have to be special – someone who had a reasonable rez date on their avatar, no friendship links to Woodbury, and who could disarm the seemingly paranoid Kalel and pass as an anti-griefing do-gooder. immobilien freiburg
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It was by making them into a real threat that they were able to build influence on the grid for the JLU as a crime fighting force, among estate owners like myself, with the Mentors and Linden Lab’s own governance team.
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Thanks for continuing this storyline, it’s important that this sort of activity see the light of day. As you analogize Kalel to George Bush, I have to say I’ve made the same parallel in the past. My friend Shopperine said that this is a good idea. Not sure why
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I was a business man. I wasn’t in SL to role play, but to make money (alright, role playing a virtual Donald Trump was also fun). I certainly wasn’t there to fight a perpetual war on e-terrorism. A war that is costly. So I started looking at it differently, especially after I figured out what Kalel and Angel were up to manipulating the PN. Burberry Purses mei lose weight fastfdfdBurberry Scarf che stop snoring
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Professor Jenkins, I think you’re ignoring one very significant aspect of the controversies you’re documenting, which is that the Herald is not an impartial observer of events in SL. It was created by Peter Ludlow as part of his ongoing roleplay as a yellow journalist in virtual worlds. By consistently publishing inflammatory stories about WU/JLU/Prok etc., Ludlow has partly CREATED the incidents he is reporting.
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